Physics & Astronomy
surface emitting lasers
98%
quantum wells
79%
lasers
79%
cavities
73%
solar cells
71%
output
70%
wavelengths
56%
semiconductor lasers
51%
nitrides
45%
quantum dots
39%
photonics
38%
DBR lasers
36%
molecular beam epitaxy
36%
waveguides
33%
nanowires
32%
diodes
31%
mirrors
31%
chips
30%
continuous radiation
30%
reflectors
27%
room temperature
26%
lasing
26%
pumps
25%
repetition
23%
aluminum gallium arsenides
22%
membranes
21%
silicon
21%
tuning
21%
locking
20%
lithography
20%
Bragg reflectors
19%
absorbers
19%
U bends
19%
Raman lasers
19%
pulses
19%
temperature
18%
photoacoustic spectroscopy
18%
gratings
18%
performance
18%
pulse duration
17%
photoluminescence
16%
light amplifiers
15%
Q switched lasers
15%
high power lasers
15%
modulation
14%
scaling
13%
light sources
13%
broadband
13%
optical properties
12%
pumping
12%
Engineering & Materials Science
Semiconductor quantum wells
100%
Surface emitting lasers
94%
Solar cells
90%
Lasers
80%
Molecular beam epitaxy
76%
Wavelength
56%
Photoluminescence
50%
Nanowires
47%
Semiconductor lasers
44%
DBR lasers
39%
Energy gap
38%
Temperature
34%
Nitrides
34%
Laser modes
34%
Quantum efficiency
32%
Optical properties
28%
Laser pulses
25%
Linewidth
25%
Multi-junction solar cells
24%
Thin films
24%
Semiconductor materials
23%
Doping (additives)
21%
Modulation
20%
Crystals
20%
Diodes
20%
Nanoimprint lithography
19%
Photoacoustic effect
18%
Nanostructures
18%
Q switched lasers
17%
Photons
17%
Mirrors
17%
Heterojunctions
16%
Substrates
16%
Electrons
16%
Epilayers
16%
Waveguides
16%
Pumps
16%
Photoelectron spectroscopy
15%
Chemical analysis
15%
Fabrication
15%
Membranes
14%
Solid state lasers
14%
Hot Temperature
14%
Distributed Bragg reflectors
14%
Light sources
14%
Silicon photonics
13%
Thin film solar cells
13%
High power lasers
13%
Photonics
13%
Defects
13%
Chemical Compounds
Solar Cell
71%
Molecular Beam Epitaxy
53%
Wavelength
44%
Semiconductor
35%
Quantum Dot
34%
Nanowire
27%
Nitride
25%
Ambient Reaction Temperature
20%
Photoluminescence
20%
Band Gap
20%
Surface
15%
Pump
14%
Optical Property
14%
Illumination
13%
Application
13%
Electron Mobility
11%
Alloy
11%
Electron Particle
10%
Epitaxial Growth
10%
Wave
9%
Annealing
9%
Cooling
9%
Electric Field
9%
Nanomaterial
9%
Hot Electron
8%
Strain
8%
Coating Agent
8%
Polarization
8%
Tandem Solar Cell
8%
Atomic Layer Epitaxy
7%
Energy
7%
Photovoltaic Effect
7%
Liquid Film
7%
Diamond
7%
Etching
7%
Emission Wavelength
7%
Voltage
7%
Optical Transition
7%
Photon
7%
Length
6%
Simulation
6%
Short Circuit
6%
Electron Beam Evaporation
6%
Phase Separation
6%
Velocity
6%
Electron Spin
6%
Valence Band
5%
Doping Material
5%
Heat
5%
Resistance
5%