A conceptual design and modeling framework for integrated additive manufacturing

Modeling and simulation for additive manufacturing (AM) is commonly used in industry. Nevertheless, a central issue remaining is the integration of different models focusing on different objectives and targeting different levels of details. This work aims to increase the prediction capability of characteristics and performances of additively manufactured parts and to co-design parts and processes. The article contributes to this field of research by integrating part's performance model and additive technology process model into a single integrated model. The paper uses the Dimensional Analysis Conceptual Modeling (DACM) Framework in an AM perspective to generate causal graphs integrating the AM equipment and the part to be printed. DACM offers the possibility of integrating existing knowledge in the model. The Framework supported by a computer tool produces a set of governing equations representing the relationships among the influencing variables. The systematic identification of the weaknesses and contradictions in the system and qualitative simulation are some of the potential uses of the model. Ultimately, it is a way to create better designs of machines and parts, to control and qualify the manufacturing process, and to control 3D printing processes. The DACM Framework is tested on two cases of a 3D printer using the Fused Filament Fabrication and Powder Bed Fusion. The analysis, applied to the global system formed of the 3D printer and the part, illustrates the existence of contradictions. The analysis supports the early redesign of both parts and AM process (equipment) and later optimization of the control parameters.