TY - JOUR
T1 - A synthesis of evidence for cancer-specific screening interventions
T2 - A Preventive Medicine Golden Jubilee Review
AU - Rintala, Suvi
AU - Dahlstrom, Kristina R.
AU - Franco, Eduardo L.
AU - Louvanto, Karolina
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by research grants from the Academy of Finland (KL), Sigrid Juselius Foundation (KL), and federal grants for research from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (ELF).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by research grants from the Academy of Finland (KL), Sigrid Juselius Foundation (KL), and federal grants for research from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (ELF).None of the authors has any conflicts of interest with respect to the contents of this review. KL has received grants for research from Academy of Finland and Sigrid Juselius Foundation; and ELF federal grants for research from CIHR. ELF reports personal fees from BD and Merck outside of the submitted work. ELF hold a patent related to the discovery Methylation markers, registered at the Office of Innovation and Partnerships, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ELF is the chair of scientific advisory board of ACC Cancer Center in Sao Paulo, Brazil; the Editor-in-Chief of Preventive Medicine journal and Senior Editor of eLife journal. KRD reports non-financial support from Roche Diagnostics outside the submitted work.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - The goal of cancer screening guidelines is to inform health practitioners to practice evidence-based cancer prevention. Cancer screening aims to detect treatable precancerous lesions or early-stage disease to enable actions aimed at decreasing morbidity and mortality. Continuous assessment of the available evidence for or against screening interventions by various organizations often results in conflicting recommendations and create challenges for providers and policymakers. Here we have summarized the current cancer screening recommendations by five leading organizations in North America and Europe: the National Cancer Institute's Physician Data Query (PDQ), the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), and the UK National Screening Committee for the National Health Service (UK NSC). All organizations assess evidence based on strength, quality, and quantity, and recommendations are similar although with differences with respect to screening start and stop ages. Recommendations are consistent for colorectal cancer screening with fecal occult blood test or fecal immunochemical test, cervical cancer screening with Pap-test, HPV-test, or co-testing, and breast cancer screening with mammography. However, guidelines vary with respect to age to start and end screening and testing frequency. Tests that have proven to be inefficient or whose use is capable of causing harm are routinely recommended against. Continuous review of screening guidelines is necessary to evaluate the many promising screening tests currently under investigation.
AB - The goal of cancer screening guidelines is to inform health practitioners to practice evidence-based cancer prevention. Cancer screening aims to detect treatable precancerous lesions or early-stage disease to enable actions aimed at decreasing morbidity and mortality. Continuous assessment of the available evidence for or against screening interventions by various organizations often results in conflicting recommendations and create challenges for providers and policymakers. Here we have summarized the current cancer screening recommendations by five leading organizations in North America and Europe: the National Cancer Institute's Physician Data Query (PDQ), the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), and the UK National Screening Committee for the National Health Service (UK NSC). All organizations assess evidence based on strength, quality, and quantity, and recommendations are similar although with differences with respect to screening start and stop ages. Recommendations are consistent for colorectal cancer screening with fecal occult blood test or fecal immunochemical test, cervical cancer screening with Pap-test, HPV-test, or co-testing, and breast cancer screening with mammography. However, guidelines vary with respect to age to start and end screening and testing frequency. Tests that have proven to be inefficient or whose use is capable of causing harm are routinely recommended against. Continuous review of screening guidelines is necessary to evaluate the many promising screening tests currently under investigation.
KW - Cancer
KW - Evidence based medicine
KW - Guideline
KW - Policy
KW - Recommendation
KW - Screening
U2 - 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107395
DO - 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107395
M3 - Review Article
C2 - 36565859
AN - SCOPUS:85144923590
SN - 0091-7435
VL - 167
JO - PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
JF - PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
M1 - 107395
ER -
