Actionable insights into hazard mitigation of typical 3D printing waste via pyrolysis

Ziting Lin; Jingyong Liu; Haiming Cai; Fatih Evrendilek; Chuanghai Zhu; Fanjin Liang; Wenxiao Huang; Weixin Li; Chao He; Chunxiao Yang; Zuoyi Yang; Sheng Zhong; Wuming Xie; Yao He

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132414

Actionable insights into hazard mitigation of typical 3D printing waste via pyrolysis

Ziting Lin
, Jingyong Liu^*
, Haiming Cai
, Fatih Evrendilek
, Chuanghai Zhu
, Fanjin Liang
, Wenxiao Huang
, Weixin Li
, Chao He
, Chunxiao Yang
, Zuoyi Yang
, Sheng Zhong
, Wuming Xie
, Yao He

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

15 Citations (Scopus)

12 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

3D printing waste (3DPW) contains hazardous substances, such as photosensitizers and pigments, and may cause environmental pollution when improperly disposed of. Pyrolysis treatment can reduce hazards and turn waste into useful resources. This study coupled thermogravimetric (TG), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and rapid pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis to evaluate the pyrolytic reaction mechanisms, products, and possible decomposition pathways of the three typical 3DPW of photosensitive resin waste (PRW), polyamide waste (PAW), and polycaprolactone waste (PCLW). The main degradation stages of the typical 3DPW occurred at 320–580 °C. The most appropriate reaction mechanisms of PRW, PAW and PCLW were D1, A1.2 and A1.5, respectively. The main pyrolysis processes were the decomposition of the complex organic polymers of PRW, the breaking of the NH–CH₂ bond and dehydration of –CO–NH– of PAW, and the breaking and reorganization of the molecular chains of PCLW, mainly resulting in toluene (C₇H₈), undecylenitrile (C₁₁H₂₁N), tetrahydrofuran (C₄H₈O), respectively. Unlike the slow pyrolysis, the rapid pyrolysis produced volatiles consisting mainly of phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis- (C₁₅H₁₆O₂) for PRW; 1,10-dicyanodecane (C₁₂H₂₀N₂) for PAW; and ɛ-caprolactone (C₆H₁₀O₂) for PCLW. These pyrolysis products hold great potential for applications. The findings of the study offer actionable insights into the hazard reduction and resource recovery of 3D printing waste.

Original language	English
Article number	132414
Journal	Journal of Hazardous Materials
Volume	460
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132414
Publication status	Published - 15 Oct 2023
Publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51978175 ), the Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Guangzhou , China (No. 202103000004 ), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province , China (No. 2022A0505050076 ; 2022A1515010825 ), and the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Scattered Minerals, Ministry of Natural Resources ( 2022-RRSM-01 ). We would like to thank Ms. Yang from the Analysis and Testing Center of Guangdong University of Technology for her help with the TG-FTIR-GC/MS analysis.

Keywords

3D printing waste
Master-plots method
Pyrolysis
TG-FTIR-GC/MS
Volatile products

Publication forum classification

Publication forum level 3

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Engineering
Environmental Chemistry
Waste Management and Disposal
Pollution
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132414

Accepted version-JHM-2023Accepted author manuscript, 7.06 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202310279179Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

@article{adb9aeb97de2401aa37199f6b3af7409,

title = "Actionable insights into hazard mitigation of typical 3D printing waste via pyrolysis",

abstract = "3D printing waste (3DPW) contains hazardous substances, such as photosensitizers and pigments, and may cause environmental pollution when improperly disposed of. Pyrolysis treatment can reduce hazards and turn waste into useful resources. This study coupled thermogravimetric (TG), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and rapid pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis to evaluate the pyrolytic reaction mechanisms, products, and possible decomposition pathways of the three typical 3DPW of photosensitive resin waste (PRW), polyamide waste (PAW), and polycaprolactone waste (PCLW). The main degradation stages of the typical 3DPW occurred at 320–580 °C. The most appropriate reaction mechanisms of PRW, PAW and PCLW were D1, A1.2 and A1.5, respectively. The main pyrolysis processes were the decomposition of the complex organic polymers of PRW, the breaking of the NH–CH2 bond and dehydration of –CO–NH– of PAW, and the breaking and reorganization of the molecular chains of PCLW, mainly resulting in toluene (C7H8), undecylenitrile (C11H21N), tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O), respectively. Unlike the slow pyrolysis, the rapid pyrolysis produced volatiles consisting mainly of phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis- (C15H16O2) for PRW; 1,10-dicyanodecane (C12H20N2) for PAW; and ɛ-caprolactone (C6H10O2) for PCLW. These pyrolysis products hold great potential for applications. The findings of the study offer actionable insights into the hazard reduction and resource recovery of 3D printing waste.",

keywords = "3D printing waste, Master-plots method, Pyrolysis, TG-FTIR-GC/MS, Volatile products",

author = "Ziting Lin and Jingyong Liu and Haiming Cai and Fatih Evrendilek and Chuanghai Zhu and Fanjin Liang and Wenxiao Huang and Weixin Li and Chao He and Chunxiao Yang and Zuoyi Yang and Sheng Zhong and Wuming Xie and Yao He",

note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51978175 ), the Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Guangzhou , China (No. 202103000004 ), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province , China (No. 2022A0505050076 ; 2022A1515010825 ), and the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Scattered Minerals, Ministry of Natural Resources ( 2022-RRSM-01 ). We would like to thank Ms. Yang from the Analysis and Testing Center of Guangdong University of Technology for her help with the TG-FTIR-GC/MS analysis. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2023",

month = oct,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132414",

language = "English",

volume = "460",

journal = "Journal of Hazardous Materials",

issn = "0304-3894",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Actionable insights into hazard mitigation of typical 3D printing waste via pyrolysis

AU - Lin, Ziting

AU - Liu, Jingyong

AU - Cai, Haiming

AU - Evrendilek, Fatih

AU - Zhu, Chuanghai

AU - Liang, Fanjin

AU - Huang, Wenxiao

AU - Li, Weixin

AU - He, Chao

AU - Yang, Chunxiao

AU - Yang, Zuoyi

AU - Zhong, Sheng

AU - Xie, Wuming

AU - He, Yao

N1 - Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51978175 ), the Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Guangzhou , China (No. 202103000004 ), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province , China (No. 2022A0505050076 ; 2022A1515010825 ), and the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Scattered Minerals, Ministry of Natural Resources ( 2022-RRSM-01 ). We would like to thank Ms. Yang from the Analysis and Testing Center of Guangdong University of Technology for her help with the TG-FTIR-GC/MS analysis. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2023/10/15

Y1 - 2023/10/15

N2 - 3D printing waste (3DPW) contains hazardous substances, such as photosensitizers and pigments, and may cause environmental pollution when improperly disposed of. Pyrolysis treatment can reduce hazards and turn waste into useful resources. This study coupled thermogravimetric (TG), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and rapid pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis to evaluate the pyrolytic reaction mechanisms, products, and possible decomposition pathways of the three typical 3DPW of photosensitive resin waste (PRW), polyamide waste (PAW), and polycaprolactone waste (PCLW). The main degradation stages of the typical 3DPW occurred at 320–580 °C. The most appropriate reaction mechanisms of PRW, PAW and PCLW were D1, A1.2 and A1.5, respectively. The main pyrolysis processes were the decomposition of the complex organic polymers of PRW, the breaking of the NH–CH2 bond and dehydration of –CO–NH– of PAW, and the breaking and reorganization of the molecular chains of PCLW, mainly resulting in toluene (C7H8), undecylenitrile (C11H21N), tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O), respectively. Unlike the slow pyrolysis, the rapid pyrolysis produced volatiles consisting mainly of phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis- (C15H16O2) for PRW; 1,10-dicyanodecane (C12H20N2) for PAW; and ɛ-caprolactone (C6H10O2) for PCLW. These pyrolysis products hold great potential for applications. The findings of the study offer actionable insights into the hazard reduction and resource recovery of 3D printing waste.

AB - 3D printing waste (3DPW) contains hazardous substances, such as photosensitizers and pigments, and may cause environmental pollution when improperly disposed of. Pyrolysis treatment can reduce hazards and turn waste into useful resources. This study coupled thermogravimetric (TG), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and rapid pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis to evaluate the pyrolytic reaction mechanisms, products, and possible decomposition pathways of the three typical 3DPW of photosensitive resin waste (PRW), polyamide waste (PAW), and polycaprolactone waste (PCLW). The main degradation stages of the typical 3DPW occurred at 320–580 °C. The most appropriate reaction mechanisms of PRW, PAW and PCLW were D1, A1.2 and A1.5, respectively. The main pyrolysis processes were the decomposition of the complex organic polymers of PRW, the breaking of the NH–CH2 bond and dehydration of –CO–NH– of PAW, and the breaking and reorganization of the molecular chains of PCLW, mainly resulting in toluene (C7H8), undecylenitrile (C11H21N), tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O), respectively. Unlike the slow pyrolysis, the rapid pyrolysis produced volatiles consisting mainly of phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis- (C15H16O2) for PRW; 1,10-dicyanodecane (C12H20N2) for PAW; and ɛ-caprolactone (C6H10O2) for PCLW. These pyrolysis products hold great potential for applications. The findings of the study offer actionable insights into the hazard reduction and resource recovery of 3D printing waste.

KW - 3D printing waste

KW - Master-plots method

KW - Pyrolysis

KW - TG-FTIR-GC/MS

KW - Volatile products

U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132414

DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132414

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85170074603

SN - 0304-3894

VL - 460

JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials

JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials

M1 - 132414

ER -

Actionable insights into hazard mitigation of typical 3D printing waste via pyrolysis

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

Publication forum classification

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this