Direct electrification mechanisms for decarbonizing a real-case non-road mobile machine in forestry application

Saba Norouzi; Sami Repo; Rasmus Pettinen; Nida Riaz; Sahas Shah; Tansu Galimova; Christian Breyer

doi:10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180209

Direct electrification mechanisms for decarbonizing a real-case non-road mobile machine in forestry application

Saba Norouzi^*
, Sami Repo
, Rasmus Pettinen
, Nida Riaz
, Sahas Shah
, Tansu Galimova
, Christian Breyer

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

6 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

With the increasing climate change concerns, there is a growing need to accelerate towards decarbonization targets. In this vein, non-road mobile machines (NRMM) are responsible for about 2% of Europe's total greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Due to their different applications in various locations, direct and indirect electrification methods are part of the solution for fulfilling decarbonization targets. In the case of direct electrification, significant investment commitments are required to charge services. To this end, this paper computes the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for two charging solutions, including a mobile charging station (MCS) and battery swapping station (BSS), for a real case forestry NRMM in off-grid conditions by considering the downtime cost of the fully electrical version of the studied machine. Also, this study examines the impacts of future capital costs and the lifetime of different types of batteries in the LCOE of both MCS and BSS charging solutions.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech, PowerTech 2025
Publisher	IEEE
Number of pages	7
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331543976
ISBN (Print)	9798331543983
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180209
Publication status	Published - 2025
Publication type	A4 Article in conference proceedings
Event	IEEE PowerTech - Kiel, Germany Duration: 29 Jun 2025 → 3 Jul 2025

Conference

Conference	IEEE PowerTech
Country/Territory	Germany
City	Kiel
Period	29/06/25 → 3/07/25

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 13 Climate Action

Keywords

battery swapping station
Electrification
Levelized cost of electricity
Mobile charging station
Non-road mobile machines

Publication forum classification

Publication forum level 1

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Information Systems and Management
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Control and Optimization

Access to Document

10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180209

Direct electrification mechanisms for decarbonizing a real-case non-road mobile machine in forestry application
This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.
Accepted author manuscript, 435 KBLicence: Unspecified

https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-2025122912157Licence: Unspecified

Cite this

@inproceedings{e37397b3d28e47cf8073804d7dda4a20,

title = "Direct electrification mechanisms for decarbonizing a real-case non-road mobile machine in forestry application",

abstract = "With the increasing climate change concerns, there is a growing need to accelerate towards decarbonization targets. In this vein, non-road mobile machines (NRMM) are responsible for about 2\% of Europe's total greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Due to their different applications in various locations, direct and indirect electrification methods are part of the solution for fulfilling decarbonization targets. In the case of direct electrification, significant investment commitments are required to charge services. To this end, this paper computes the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for two charging solutions, including a mobile charging station (MCS) and battery swapping station (BSS), for a real case forestry NRMM in off-grid conditions by considering the downtime cost of the fully electrical version of the studied machine. Also, this study examines the impacts of future capital costs and the lifetime of different types of batteries in the LCOE of both MCS and BSS charging solutions.",

keywords = "battery swapping station, Electrification, Levelized cost of electricity, Mobile charging station, Non-road mobile machines",

author = "Saba Norouzi and Sami Repo and Rasmus Pettinen and Nida Riaz and Sahas Shah and Tansu Galimova and Christian Breyer",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; IEEE PowerTech ; Conference date: 29-06-2025 Through 03-07-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180209",

language = "English",

isbn = "9798331543983",

booktitle = "2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech, PowerTech 2025",

publisher = "IEEE",

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}

TY - GEN

T1 - Direct electrification mechanisms for decarbonizing a real-case non-road mobile machine in forestry application

AU - Norouzi, Saba

AU - Repo, Sami

AU - Pettinen, Rasmus

AU - Riaz, Nida

AU - Shah, Sahas

AU - Galimova, Tansu

AU - Breyer, Christian

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - With the increasing climate change concerns, there is a growing need to accelerate towards decarbonization targets. In this vein, non-road mobile machines (NRMM) are responsible for about 2% of Europe's total greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Due to their different applications in various locations, direct and indirect electrification methods are part of the solution for fulfilling decarbonization targets. In the case of direct electrification, significant investment commitments are required to charge services. To this end, this paper computes the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for two charging solutions, including a mobile charging station (MCS) and battery swapping station (BSS), for a real case forestry NRMM in off-grid conditions by considering the downtime cost of the fully electrical version of the studied machine. Also, this study examines the impacts of future capital costs and the lifetime of different types of batteries in the LCOE of both MCS and BSS charging solutions.

AB - With the increasing climate change concerns, there is a growing need to accelerate towards decarbonization targets. In this vein, non-road mobile machines (NRMM) are responsible for about 2% of Europe's total greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Due to their different applications in various locations, direct and indirect electrification methods are part of the solution for fulfilling decarbonization targets. In the case of direct electrification, significant investment commitments are required to charge services. To this end, this paper computes the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for two charging solutions, including a mobile charging station (MCS) and battery swapping station (BSS), for a real case forestry NRMM in off-grid conditions by considering the downtime cost of the fully electrical version of the studied machine. Also, this study examines the impacts of future capital costs and the lifetime of different types of batteries in the LCOE of both MCS and BSS charging solutions.

KW - battery swapping station

KW - Electrification

KW - Levelized cost of electricity

KW - Mobile charging station

KW - Non-road mobile machines

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019297255

U2 - 10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180209

DO - 10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180209

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105019297255

SN - 9798331543983

BT - 2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech, PowerTech 2025

PB - IEEE

T2 - IEEE PowerTech

Y2 - 29 June 2025 through 3 July 2025

ER -

Direct electrification mechanisms for decarbonizing a real-case non-road mobile machine in forestry application

Abstract

Conference

UN SDGs

Keywords

Publication forum classification

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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Cite this