Examining interfacial interactions in a range of polymers using poly(ethylene oxide) functionalized carbon fibers

Daniel J. Eyckens; James D. Randall; Filip Stojcevski; Essi Sarlin; Sarianna Palola; Markus Kakkonen; Christina Scheffler; Luke C. Henderson

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106053

Examining interfacial interactions in a range of polymers using poly(ethylene oxide) functionalized carbon fibers

Daniel J. Eyckens
, James D. Randall
, Filip Stojcevski
, Essi Sarlin
, Sarianna Palola
, Markus Kakkonen
, Christina Scheffler
, Luke C. Henderson^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

36 Citations (Scopus)

34 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

It is commonly assumed that a higher oxygenated content on the surface of carbon fibers will lead to high interfacial adhesion. Thus, carbon fibers are exposed to oxidizing treatments to increase surface polarity. Here, we examine the interfacial interactions of a range of thermoset and thermoplastic polymers with carbon fibers that have a grafted polyethylene oxide (PEO) chains to their surface. This provides an extremely hydrophilic surface, without potential degradation of the fiber via chemical oxidation. We find that high surface polarity does not always correlate to high interfacial adhesion; in some instances, unsized hydrophobic carbon fibers possess equal or better fiber-to-matrix adhesion than treated hydrophilic carbon fibers. The most notable example is in vinyl ester resin, in which the presence of an alkyne group, able to participate in the radical polymerization process, provides significant improvements in interfacial shear strength (IFSS) compared to a larger, and polar, PEO chain.

Original language	English
Article number	106053
Number of pages	10
Journal	Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
Volume	138
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106053
Publication status	Published - 2020
Publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge Deakin University , this research was conducted with support from the Australian Research Council World Class Future Fiber Industry Transformation Research Hub ( IH140100018 ) and the ARC Training Centre for Lightweight Automotive Structures ( IC160100032 ), Discovery project ( DP180100094 ), partially supported by the Office of Naval Research ( N62909-18-1-2024 ). The authors also thank the Carbon Nexus Production Facility for providing fibers. This work was performed in part at the Deakin Hub in the Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF).

Keywords

A. Carbon fibres
B. Adhesion
B. Fibre/matrix bond
C. Micromechanics

Publication forum classification

Publication forum level 2

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Ceramics and Composites
Mechanics of Materials

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10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106053

Examining interfacial interactions in a range 2020
CC BY-NC-ND
Accepted author manuscript, 1.24 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202011278269Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Tampere Microscopy Center
Vippola, M. (Manager), Honkanen, M. (Operator) & Salminen, T. (Operator)
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Cite this

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title = "Examining interfacial interactions in a range of polymers using poly(ethylene oxide) functionalized carbon fibers",

abstract = "It is commonly assumed that a higher oxygenated content on the surface of carbon fibers will lead to high interfacial adhesion. Thus, carbon fibers are exposed to oxidizing treatments to increase surface polarity. Here, we examine the interfacial interactions of a range of thermoset and thermoplastic polymers with carbon fibers that have a grafted polyethylene oxide (PEO) chains to their surface. This provides an extremely hydrophilic surface, without potential degradation of the fiber via chemical oxidation. We find that high surface polarity does not always correlate to high interfacial adhesion; in some instances, unsized hydrophobic carbon fibers possess equal or better fiber-to-matrix adhesion than treated hydrophilic carbon fibers. The most notable example is in vinyl ester resin, in which the presence of an alkyne group, able to participate in the radical polymerization process, provides significant improvements in interfacial shear strength (IFSS) compared to a larger, and polar, PEO chain.",

keywords = "A. Carbon fibres, B. Adhesion, B. Fibre/matrix bond, C. Micromechanics",

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AU - Eyckens, Daniel J.

AU - Randall, James D.

AU - Stojcevski, Filip

AU - Sarlin, Essi

AU - Palola, Sarianna

AU - Kakkonen, Markus

AU - Scheffler, Christina

AU - Henderson, Luke C.

N1 - EXT="Kakkonen, Markus"

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - It is commonly assumed that a higher oxygenated content on the surface of carbon fibers will lead to high interfacial adhesion. Thus, carbon fibers are exposed to oxidizing treatments to increase surface polarity. Here, we examine the interfacial interactions of a range of thermoset and thermoplastic polymers with carbon fibers that have a grafted polyethylene oxide (PEO) chains to their surface. This provides an extremely hydrophilic surface, without potential degradation of the fiber via chemical oxidation. We find that high surface polarity does not always correlate to high interfacial adhesion; in some instances, unsized hydrophobic carbon fibers possess equal or better fiber-to-matrix adhesion than treated hydrophilic carbon fibers. The most notable example is in vinyl ester resin, in which the presence of an alkyne group, able to participate in the radical polymerization process, provides significant improvements in interfacial shear strength (IFSS) compared to a larger, and polar, PEO chain.

AB - It is commonly assumed that a higher oxygenated content on the surface of carbon fibers will lead to high interfacial adhesion. Thus, carbon fibers are exposed to oxidizing treatments to increase surface polarity. Here, we examine the interfacial interactions of a range of thermoset and thermoplastic polymers with carbon fibers that have a grafted polyethylene oxide (PEO) chains to their surface. This provides an extremely hydrophilic surface, without potential degradation of the fiber via chemical oxidation. We find that high surface polarity does not always correlate to high interfacial adhesion; in some instances, unsized hydrophobic carbon fibers possess equal or better fiber-to-matrix adhesion than treated hydrophilic carbon fibers. The most notable example is in vinyl ester resin, in which the presence of an alkyne group, able to participate in the radical polymerization process, provides significant improvements in interfacial shear strength (IFSS) compared to a larger, and polar, PEO chain.

KW - A. Carbon fibres

KW - B. Adhesion

KW - B. Fibre/matrix bond

KW - C. Micromechanics

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JO - Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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M1 - 106053

ER -

Examining interfacial interactions in a range of polymers using poly(ethylene oxide) functionalized carbon fibers

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

Publication forum classification

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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Tampere Microscopy Center

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