Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children: the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study

Markus Mattila; Hanna-Mari Takkinen; Essi J. Peltonen; Anna-Leena Vuorinen; Sari Niinistö; Johanna Metsälä; Suvi Ahonen; Mari Åkerlund; Leena Hakola; Jorma Toppari; Jorma Ilonen; Riitta Veijola; Tari Haahtela; Mikael Knip; Suvi M. Virtanen

doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.014

Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children: the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study

Markus Mattila^*
, Hanna-Mari Takkinen
, Essi J. Peltonen
, Anna-Leena Vuorinen
, Sari Niinistö
, Johanna Metsälä
, Suvi Ahonen
, Mari Åkerlund
, Leena Hakola
, Jorma Toppari
, Jorma Ilonen
, Riitta Veijola
, Tari Haahtela
, Mikael Knip
, Suvi M. Virtanen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

27 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: Prospective studies investigating the association among fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) are few. Objectives: In this cohort study, we explored whether the consumption of fruits, berries, and vegetables is associated with the IA and T1D development in genetically susceptible children. Methods: Food consumption data in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) cohort study were available from 5674 children born between September 1996 and September 2004 in the Oulu and Tampere University Hospitals. Diet was assessed with 3-d food records at the age of 3 and 6 mo and annually from 1 to 6 y. The association between food consumption and the risk of IA and T1D was analyzed using joint models adjusted for energy intake, sex, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype, and a family history of diabetes. Results: During the 6-y follow-up, 247 children (4.4%) developed IA and 94 (1.7%) T1D. Furthermore, 64 of 505 children with at least 1 repeatedly positive autoantibody (12.7%) progressed from islet autoantibody positivity to T1D. The consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA [hazard ratio (HR): 0.83; 95% credible intervals (CI): 0.72, 0.95, per 1 g/MJ increase in consumption] and the consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D (0.60; 0.47, 0.89). The consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA (1.08; 1.04, 1.12) and T1D (1.11; 1.01, 1.21). Only the association between banana and IA remain significant after multiple testing correction. Conclusions: In children genetically at risk for T1D, the consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA and consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D. In addition, the consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA and T1D.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	537-545
Number of pages	9
Journal	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume	119
Issue number	2
Early online date	23 Dec 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.014
Publication status	Published - 2024
Publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

This study was supported by the Research Council of Finland (grants 63672 , 68292 , 79685 , 79686 , 80846 , 114666 , 126813 , 129492 , 139391 , 201988 , 210632 , 250114 , 276475 , 308066 , and 339922 ); European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes; Doctoral Programs in Public Health; the Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation; the Juho Vainio Foundation; the Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation; Competitive Research Funding of the Turku and Oulu University Hospitals; the Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Tampere University Hospital (grants 9E082 , 9F089 , 9G087 , 9H092 , 9J147 , 9K149 , 9L042 , 9L117 , 9M036 , 9M114 , 9N086 , 9P057 , 9R055 , 9S074 , 9T072 , 9U065 , 9V072 , 9X062 , 9AA084 , and 9AB083 ); the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (grants 4-1998-274 , 4-1999-731 , 4-2001-435 , 1-SRA-2016-342-M-R , 1-SRA-2019-732-M-B , and 3-SRA-2020-955-S-B ); the Novo Nordisk Foundation; and the European Union Biomed 2 Program ( BMH4-CT98-3314 ).

Funders	Funder number
European Lung Foundation
European Union Biomed 2 Program	BMH4-CT98-3314
Academy of Finland, Strategic Research Council	63672, 80846, 114666, 201988, 129492, 308066, 339922, 79685, 126813, 139391, 276475, 79686, 250114, 68292, 210632
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International	1-SRA-2019-732-M-B, 4-1999-731, 1-SRA-2016-342-M-R, 3-SRA-2020-955-S-B, 4-2001-435, 4-1998-274
Yrjö Jahnssonin säätiö	9K149, 9L117, 9AA084, 9G087, 9V072, 9J147, 9M114, 9X062, 9AB083, 9F089, 9P057, 9M036, 9U065, 9S074, 9T072, 9E082, 9L042, 9H092, 9N086, 9R055
Juho Vainion Säätiö
Novo Nordisk Fonden
Diabetestutkimussäätiö (The Diabetes Research Foundation)

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

berries
child
cohort study
fruits
islet autoimmunity
joint models
type 1 diabetes
vegetables

Publication forum classification

Publication forum level 3

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Medicine (miscellaneous)
Nutrition and Dietetics

Access to Document

10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.014Licence: CC BY

1-s2.0-S0002916523663476-mainFinal published version, 1.03 MBLicence: CC BY

https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202401221689Licence: CC BY

Cite this

Mattila, M., Takkinen, H.-M., Peltonen, E. J., Vuorinen, A.-L., Niinistö, S., Metsälä, J., Ahonen, S., Åkerlund, M., Hakola, L., Toppari, J., Ilonen, J., Veijola, R., Haahtela, T., Knip, M., & Virtanen, S. M. (2024). Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children: the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 119(2), 537-545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.014

@article{96df35a7a9a74048aaa4ba3e55bdce5b,

title = "Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children: the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study",

abstract = "Background: Prospective studies investigating the association among fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) are few. Objectives: In this cohort study, we explored whether the consumption of fruits, berries, and vegetables is associated with the IA and T1D development in genetically susceptible children. Methods: Food consumption data in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) cohort study were available from 5674 children born between September 1996 and September 2004 in the Oulu and Tampere University Hospitals. Diet was assessed with 3-d food records at the age of 3 and 6 mo and annually from 1 to 6 y. The association between food consumption and the risk of IA and T1D was analyzed using joint models adjusted for energy intake, sex, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype, and a family history of diabetes. Results: During the 6-y follow-up, 247 children (4.4\%) developed IA and 94 (1.7\%) T1D. Furthermore, 64 of 505 children with at least 1 repeatedly positive autoantibody (12.7\%) progressed from islet autoantibody positivity to T1D. The consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA [hazard ratio (HR): 0.83; 95\% credible intervals (CI): 0.72, 0.95, per 1 g/MJ increase in consumption] and the consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D (0.60; 0.47, 0.89). The consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA (1.08; 1.04, 1.12) and T1D (1.11; 1.01, 1.21). Only the association between banana and IA remain significant after multiple testing correction. Conclusions: In children genetically at risk for T1D, the consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA and consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D. In addition, the consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA and T1D.",

keywords = "berries, child, cohort study, fruits, islet autoimmunity, joint models, type 1 diabetes, vegetables",

author = "Markus Mattila and Hanna-Mari Takkinen and Peltonen, \{Essi J.\} and Anna-Leena Vuorinen and Sari Niinist{\"o} and Johanna Mets{\"a}l{\"a} and Suvi Ahonen and Mari {\AA}kerlund and Leena Hakola and Jorma Toppari and Jorma Ilonen and Riitta Veijola and Tari Haahtela and Mikael Knip and Virtanen, \{Suvi M.\}",

year = "2024",

doi = "10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.014",

language = "English",

volume = "119",

pages = "537--545",

journal = "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition",

issn = "0002-9165",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "2",

}

Mattila, M , Takkinen, H-M, Peltonen, EJ, Vuorinen, A-L, Niinistö, S, Metsälä, J, Ahonen, S, Åkerlund, M , Hakola, L, Toppari, J, Ilonen, J, Veijola, R, Haahtela, T, Knip, M & Virtanen, SM 2024, 'Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children: the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study', American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 119, no. 2, pp. 537-545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.014

Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children: the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study. / Mattila, Markus ; Takkinen, Hanna-Mari; Peltonen, Essi J. et al.
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 119, No. 2, 2024, p. 537-545.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children

T2 - the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study

AU - Mattila, Markus

AU - Takkinen, Hanna-Mari

AU - Peltonen, Essi J.

AU - Vuorinen, Anna-Leena

AU - Niinistö, Sari

AU - Metsälä, Johanna

AU - Ahonen, Suvi

AU - Åkerlund, Mari

AU - Hakola, Leena

AU - Toppari, Jorma

AU - Ilonen, Jorma

AU - Veijola, Riitta

AU - Haahtela, Tari

AU - Knip, Mikael

AU - Virtanen, Suvi M.

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Background: Prospective studies investigating the association among fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) are few. Objectives: In this cohort study, we explored whether the consumption of fruits, berries, and vegetables is associated with the IA and T1D development in genetically susceptible children. Methods: Food consumption data in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) cohort study were available from 5674 children born between September 1996 and September 2004 in the Oulu and Tampere University Hospitals. Diet was assessed with 3-d food records at the age of 3 and 6 mo and annually from 1 to 6 y. The association between food consumption and the risk of IA and T1D was analyzed using joint models adjusted for energy intake, sex, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype, and a family history of diabetes. Results: During the 6-y follow-up, 247 children (4.4%) developed IA and 94 (1.7%) T1D. Furthermore, 64 of 505 children with at least 1 repeatedly positive autoantibody (12.7%) progressed from islet autoantibody positivity to T1D. The consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA [hazard ratio (HR): 0.83; 95% credible intervals (CI): 0.72, 0.95, per 1 g/MJ increase in consumption] and the consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D (0.60; 0.47, 0.89). The consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA (1.08; 1.04, 1.12) and T1D (1.11; 1.01, 1.21). Only the association between banana and IA remain significant after multiple testing correction. Conclusions: In children genetically at risk for T1D, the consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA and consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D. In addition, the consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA and T1D.

AB - Background: Prospective studies investigating the association among fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) are few. Objectives: In this cohort study, we explored whether the consumption of fruits, berries, and vegetables is associated with the IA and T1D development in genetically susceptible children. Methods: Food consumption data in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) cohort study were available from 5674 children born between September 1996 and September 2004 in the Oulu and Tampere University Hospitals. Diet was assessed with 3-d food records at the age of 3 and 6 mo and annually from 1 to 6 y. The association between food consumption and the risk of IA and T1D was analyzed using joint models adjusted for energy intake, sex, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype, and a family history of diabetes. Results: During the 6-y follow-up, 247 children (4.4%) developed IA and 94 (1.7%) T1D. Furthermore, 64 of 505 children with at least 1 repeatedly positive autoantibody (12.7%) progressed from islet autoantibody positivity to T1D. The consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA [hazard ratio (HR): 0.83; 95% credible intervals (CI): 0.72, 0.95, per 1 g/MJ increase in consumption] and the consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D (0.60; 0.47, 0.89). The consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA (1.08; 1.04, 1.12) and T1D (1.11; 1.01, 1.21). Only the association between banana and IA remain significant after multiple testing correction. Conclusions: In children genetically at risk for T1D, the consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA and consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D. In addition, the consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA and T1D.

KW - berries

KW - child

KW - cohort study

KW - fruits

KW - islet autoimmunity

KW - joint models

KW - type 1 diabetes

KW - vegetables

U2 - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.014

DO - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.014

M3 - Article

C2 - 38142920

AN - SCOPUS:85181871826

SN - 0002-9165

VL - 119

SP - 537

EP - 545

JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

IS - 2

ER -

Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children: the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Publication forum classification

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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Cite this