Hierarchical Nanostructures of Titanium Dioxide: Synthesis and Applications

Ramsha Khan, Sofia Javed, Mohammad Islam

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterScientificpeer-review

Abstract

Abstract Long-haul travel does not constitute an obstacle for tourists to travel and is fast gaining the attention of tourists in new and unique experiences. This study was conducted to identify the long-haul travel motivation by international tourists to Penang. A total of 400 respondents participated in this survey, conducted around the tourist attractions in Penang, using cluster random sampling. However, only 370 questionnaires were only used for this research. Data were analysed using SPSS software 22 version. The findings, ‘knowledge and novelty seeking’ were the main push factors that drove long-haul travel by international tourists to Penang. Meanwhile, the main pull factor that attracts long- haul travel by international tourists to Penang was its ‘culture and history’. Additionally, there were partly direct and significant relationships between socio-demographic, trip characteristics and travel motivation (push factors and pull factors). Overall, this study identified the long-haul travel motivations by international tourists to Penang based on socio-demographic, trip characteristics and travel motivation and has indirectly helped in understanding the long-haul travel market particularly for Penang and Southeast Asia. This research also suggested for an effective marketing and promotion strategy in pro- viding useful information that is the key to attract international tourists to travel long distances. Keywords:
Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationTitanium Dioxide
Subtitle of host publicationMaterial for a Sustainable Environment
EditorsDongfang Yang
PublisherInTech
ISBN (Electronic)978-1-78923-327-8
ISBN (Print)978-1-78923-326-1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 27 Jun 2018
Externally publishedYes
Publication typeA3 Book chapter

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Hierarchical Nanostructures of Titanium Dioxide: Synthesis and Applications'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this