Online Harassment and Hate Among Media Professionals: Reactions to One’s Own and Others’ Victimization

Magdalena Celuch; Rita Latikka; Reetta Oksa; Atte Oksanen

doi:10.1177/10776990221148987

Online Harassment and Hate Among Media Professionals: Reactions to One’s Own and Others’ Victimization

Magdalena Celuch, Rita Latikka, Reetta Oksa, Atte Oksanen

Unit of Social Research

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Abstract

This study investigated the experiences of Finnish media professionals with online harassment. Participants (N = 695) answered a survey including questions concerning their experiences with online harassment and a survey experiment involving a death threat received by someone else. Results showed that closeness to the victim was associated with increased anxiety levels, but it did not affect countermeasures recommendations for the victim. Victims’ reactions depended on their visibility in the public sphere and on the frequency and severity of the harassment. The results demonstrate that online harassment is prevalent among media professionals and that prevention and intervention are crucial.

Original language	English
Journal	JOURNALISM AND MASS COMMUNICATION QUARTERLY
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/10776990221148987
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 7 Jan 2023
Publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

online harassment
online hate
social media
victimization
work

Publication forum classification

Publication forum level 2

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Communication

Access to Document

10.1177/10776990221148987Licence: CC BY

Online Harassment and HateFinal published version, 215 KBLicence: CC BY

https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202301231632Licence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Online Harassment and Hate Among Media Professionals: Reactions to One{\textquoteright}s Own and Others{\textquoteright} Victimization",

abstract = "This study investigated the experiences of Finnish media professionals with online harassment. Participants (N = 695) answered a survey including questions concerning their experiences with online harassment and a survey experiment involving a death threat received by someone else. Results showed that closeness to the victim was associated with increased anxiety levels, but it did not affect countermeasures recommendations for the victim. Victims{\textquoteright} reactions depended on their visibility in the public sphere and on the frequency and severity of the harassment. The results demonstrate that online harassment is prevalent among media professionals and that prevention and intervention are crucial.",

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author = "Magdalena Celuch and Rita Latikka and Reetta Oksa and Atte Oksanen",

note = "Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research has received funding from Helsingin Sanomat Foundation (Hate and Public Sphere Project 2020-2021, PI: Atte Oksanen). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 AEJMC.",

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AU - Latikka, Rita

AU - Oksa, Reetta

AU - Oksanen, Atte

N1 - Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research has received funding from Helsingin Sanomat Foundation (Hate and Public Sphere Project 2020-2021, PI: Atte Oksanen). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 AEJMC.

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N2 - This study investigated the experiences of Finnish media professionals with online harassment. Participants (N = 695) answered a survey including questions concerning their experiences with online harassment and a survey experiment involving a death threat received by someone else. Results showed that closeness to the victim was associated with increased anxiety levels, but it did not affect countermeasures recommendations for the victim. Victims’ reactions depended on their visibility in the public sphere and on the frequency and severity of the harassment. The results demonstrate that online harassment is prevalent among media professionals and that prevention and intervention are crucial.

AB - This study investigated the experiences of Finnish media professionals with online harassment. Participants (N = 695) answered a survey including questions concerning their experiences with online harassment and a survey experiment involving a death threat received by someone else. Results showed that closeness to the victim was associated with increased anxiety levels, but it did not affect countermeasures recommendations for the victim. Victims’ reactions depended on their visibility in the public sphere and on the frequency and severity of the harassment. The results demonstrate that online harassment is prevalent among media professionals and that prevention and intervention are crucial.

KW - online harassment

KW - online hate

KW - social media

KW - victimization

KW - work

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DO - 10.1177/10776990221148987

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85146083795

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Online Harassment and Hate Among Media Professionals: Reactions to One’s Own and Others’ Victimization

Abstract

Keywords

Publication forum classification

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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