Onset of action of inhaled glucocorticoids on bronchial and alveolar nitric oxide output

Tuomas Karvonen, Anna Sepponen-Lavikko, Kati Holm, Rüdiger Schultz, Eeva Moilanen, Lauri Lehtimäki

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

Abstract

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a marker of airway inflammation. Measuring FENO at multiple flow rates enables calculation of NO parameters: bronchial NO output (JawNO), bronchial wall (CawNO) and alveolar (CANO) NO concentrations, and bronchial diffusion factor of NO (DawNO). FENO is known to rapidly reduce after the commencement of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment. However, little is known on the effect of ICS on the other NO parameters. We assessed (1) the onset of action of ICS treatment on the NO parameters and (2) whether the changes in bronchial NO output are due to changes in bronchial wall NO concentration or diffusion factor. FENO and other NO parameters were measured at baseline and after 1, 3 and 7 d of treatment with inhaled fluticasone propionate 250 µg b.i.d. in 23 allergic children with a history of asthma-like symptoms. There was a decrease in JawNO (from 680 (244/1791) (median (1st/3rd quartile)) to 357 (165/753) pl s1, p < 0.001) and FENO50 (from 13.8 (7.5/35) to 8.3 (5.36/17.0) ppb, p < 0.001) in 3 d from the first dose of ICS. Also, CawNO seemed to reduce after 3 d (from 171 (89/328) to 79 (54/157) ppb, p = 0.041), while DawNO remained unchanged. Furthermore, CANO reduced during the 7 d treatment (from 3.0 (2.0/5.0) to 2.3 (1.9/2.6) ppb, p = 0.004). ICS treatment reduced FENO50 and JawNO rapidly and the decline was caused by decreased bronchial wall NO concentration while bronchial NO diffusion factor remained unchanged. These findings suggest that CawNO could be a more specific marker of airway inflammation and treatment response than JawNO or FENO50, which are both determined also by DawNO that seems to be resistant to the treatment with ICS.

Original languageEnglish
Article number016008
JournalJOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH
Volume15
Issue number1
Early online date4 Nov 2020
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2021
Publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

  • Asthma
  • Breath tests
  • Children
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Nitric oxide
  • Two-compartment model

Publication forum classification

  • Publication forum level 1

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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