Recent Advances in Chlorination: Novel Reagents and Methods from the Last Decade

Iago C. Vogel, Diana C.G.A. Pinto, Nuno R. Candeias

Research output: Contribution to journalReview Articlepeer-review

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Abstract

Chlorinated compounds are vital in organic synthesis, impacting nucleophilic substitutions, β-elimination, and C-H acidity. Herein, recent advances in (hetero)arene chlorination, focusing on novel reagents and methods developed in the past decade, are showcased. Traditional electrophilic agents such as Cl 2 and PCl 5 have been expanded with new chlorinating agents such as Palau'chlor, as well as with electrochemical and photochemical techniques. Biocatalyzed chlorination using FAD-dependent halogenases has also been explored. Key trends include green chemistry with eco-friendly chlorine sources like NaCl and HCl. Although nucleophilic chlorination remains rare, electrochemical methods show promise, despite equipment limitations. This graphical review highlights significant progress in the last decade towards more sustainable and efficient chlorination strategies.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)360-386
Number of pages27
JournalSynOpen
Volume8
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 19 Dec 2024
Publication typeA2 Review article in a scientific journal

Keywords

  • (hetero)arene chlorination
  • biocatalysis
  • chlorinating agents
  • electrochemistry
  • electrophilic substitution
  • green chemistry
  • nucleophilic chlorination
  • photocatalysis

Publication forum classification

  • Publication forum level 0

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Catalysis
  • Biomaterials
  • Materials Science (miscellaneous)
  • Organic Chemistry

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