Required skills and attitudes for sexual health education: insights from Finnish health education teachers

Purpose: While adolescent sexual health (SH) is significantly focused on, more attention should also be directed towards preparing teachers for delivering sexual health education (SHE). The purpose of this study is to explore the SHE skills and attitudes required of health education (HE) teachers in Finland. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative exploratory approach was used, gathering perspectives from Finnish HE teachers through semi-structured interviews (n = 8) and electronic forms (n = 7) in March and April 2023. Data was analyzed using inductive content analysis. Findings: Key skill areas identified include diverse professional management, comprehensive SH topic engagement, and educational engagement for adolescents. Versatile communication skills are essential for effective information delivery. Pedagogical skills, covering various teaching methods, are also important. The study highlights the need for courage and sensitivity in addressing SH topics due to their delicate nature. Key attitude areas include a holistic approach to professionality, a supportive approach to adolescent interaction, and broad-mindedness towards sexuality. Participants stressed the significance of curricula that address these areas comprehensively, as well as appreciating adolescents by recognizing their perspectives. Finally, maintaining unbiased attitudes toward sexuality is essential. Practical implications: The study underscores the need for diverse SHE skills and attitudes among HE teachers, necessitating training. The findings provide a valuable foundation for discussions among educators and professionals on curriculum development, training program design, and teacher competence assessment. Originality/value: This study illuminates the multifaceted skills and attitudes required of HE teachers in Finland. These exploratory results offer a basis for deeper exploration of this under-researched area in the future.