TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of alcohol use and adiposity in serum levels of IL-1RA in depressed patients
AU - Archer, Mari
AU - Niemelä, Onni
AU - Hämäläinen, Mari
AU - Moilanen, Eeva
AU - Leinonen, Esa
AU - Kampman, Olli
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant from the Finnish Alcohol Research Foundation, funds from Seinäjoki Hospital District Research Fund (EVO1114) and the competitive research funding of Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. These sources of funding were not involved in observation, commenting or guidance of scientific protocols or reporting of results.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/3
Y1 - 2022/3
N2 - Background: The role of Interleukin-1 Receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), an innate antagonist to pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1, has attracted increasing attention due to its potential pathogenic and therapeutic implications in depression. However, the role of alcohol and adiposity in modulating IL-1Ra cytokine pathway in depressed patients has remainned unknown. The aim of this study was to follow the changes in IL-1Ra serum levels in depressed patients with or without simultaneous alcohol use disorder (AUD) and different degrees of adiposity during 6 months of follow-up. Materials and methods: A total of 242 patients with depression were followed for 6 months. At baseline 99 patients had simultaneous AUD. Levels of serum IL-1Ra and common mediators of inflammation (IL-6, hs-CRP) were measured. Clinical assessments included Body Mass Index (BMI), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores. Results: Significant reductions in clinical symptoms and IL-1Ra were observed during 6-month follow-up. In hierarchical linear regression analysis, the effect of MADRS score, age, gender, and smoking had a combined effect of 2.4% in the model. The effect of AUDIT score increased the effect to 4.2% of variance (p = 0.08), whereas adding BMI increased the effect to 18.5% (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Adiposity may influence the IL-1Ra anti-inflammatory response in depressed patients, whereas the effect of alcohol consumption in these patients seems insignificant. These findings should be considered in studies on the role of IL-1Ra in depression. Trial registration: Ostrobothnia Depression Study in ClinicalTrials.gov , Identifier NCT02520271.
AB - Background: The role of Interleukin-1 Receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), an innate antagonist to pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1, has attracted increasing attention due to its potential pathogenic and therapeutic implications in depression. However, the role of alcohol and adiposity in modulating IL-1Ra cytokine pathway in depressed patients has remainned unknown. The aim of this study was to follow the changes in IL-1Ra serum levels in depressed patients with or without simultaneous alcohol use disorder (AUD) and different degrees of adiposity during 6 months of follow-up. Materials and methods: A total of 242 patients with depression were followed for 6 months. At baseline 99 patients had simultaneous AUD. Levels of serum IL-1Ra and common mediators of inflammation (IL-6, hs-CRP) were measured. Clinical assessments included Body Mass Index (BMI), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores. Results: Significant reductions in clinical symptoms and IL-1Ra were observed during 6-month follow-up. In hierarchical linear regression analysis, the effect of MADRS score, age, gender, and smoking had a combined effect of 2.4% in the model. The effect of AUDIT score increased the effect to 4.2% of variance (p = 0.08), whereas adding BMI increased the effect to 18.5% (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Adiposity may influence the IL-1Ra anti-inflammatory response in depressed patients, whereas the effect of alcohol consumption in these patients seems insignificant. These findings should be considered in studies on the role of IL-1Ra in depression. Trial registration: Ostrobothnia Depression Study in ClinicalTrials.gov , Identifier NCT02520271.
KW - Cytokine
KW - Ethanol
KW - Mood disorder
KW - Obesity
U2 - 10.1186/s12888-022-03784-8
DO - 10.1186/s12888-022-03784-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 35232419
AN - SCOPUS:85125586712
VL - 22
IS - 1
M1 - 158
ER -