Advanced Material-Based Sensing Structures

This chapter presents research work the goal of which is to tackle all the subtle but essential problems that hinder the performance or even the realization of the vision of automatic and remote human vital signal extraction. In particular, the following are presented: (i) different designs of electromagnetic band gap structures for human-body-wearable antennas that help eliminate the effects of the lossy body, which are appropriate for any typical antenna, (ii) an advanced liquid ionic antenna that can be mounted on the human wrist based on the earlier finding that dielectric filled tubes become resonant at specific frequencies, (iii) inkjet-printed substrate-integrated waveguide prototypes, (iv) carbon-nanotube-based and graphene-based passive and very low-profile sensing structures for ammonia and other hazardous gas detection for medical diagnosis, and (v) wireless integrated modules including two ZigBee-based low-power.