Advanced nutraceutical approaches to Parkinson's disease: bridging nutrition and neuroprotection

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by progressive motor symptoms, including tremors, bradykinesia, and postural instability. The disease is characterized by dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra, leading to cognitive decline and motor dysfunction. Dietary supplements, known as nutraceuticals, have numerous health and medical benefits for treating and preventing the disease. Nutraceuticals offer neuroprotection through several mechanisms, including iron chelation, modulation of the cell-signaling pathway, scavenging of superoxide radicals and ROS, and suppression of inflammation. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of nutraceuticals as a complementary approach to traditional pharmaceutical treatments. Nutritional supplements such as Coenzyme Q10, Lycopene, Resveratrol, and Omega-3 fatty acids offer neuroprotection by targeting alpha-synuclein misfolding, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation, potentially reducing the disease progression and improving patients’ quality of life.