Benefits, Challenges and Research Recommendations for Social Robots in Education and Learning: A Meta-Review

Social robots exist in various forms but are still not spreading widely to the societal contexts they are envisioned for, such as educational settings. There appears to be a gap between research and practice: A lot of research already demonstrates promising results for using social robots in various domains, but this promise has yet to be realized in “the real world”. The aim of this paper is to form a systematic understanding of the potential and challenges of social robots in the domain of education and learning, which is an intensively researched application domain for social robots. We conducted a meta-review of recent literature reviews (published in 2018-2022), using the PRISMA method. We analyzed 12 review papers that met the defined inclusion criteria by extracting the potential benefits and challenges presented in these reviews. We identify six benefits, five challenges, and six recommendations for future research on social robots in education and learning. These findings emphasize the potential and developments needed to realize the potential of social robots in educational contexts.