Development and psychometric testing of the preceptors’ orientation competence instrument (POCI)

Aim: To develop and psychometrically test a Preceptors’ Orientation Competence Instrument measuring orientation competence of nurses working as new employee preceptors. Background: Competence of nurse preceptor is essential for a successful preceptorship and thus nursing staff´s commitment to the organization. Design: Instrument development according to the COSMIN guidelines. Methods and participants: Four phases were implemented: 1) establishment of the theoretical framework, modification of the validated Mentor Competence Instrument and generation of new items; 2) content validity testing; 3) structural validity testing; and 4) internal consistency testing. Content validity was evaluated by 14 experts using content validity index methods. Structural validity was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis with a convenience sample of 844 Finnish nurses. Internal consistency was evaluated by measuring Cronbach's alpha. Results: The content validity index of subdimensions of the instrument ranged from 0.80 to 0.94 for relevance and 0.80–0.94 for clarity. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a seven-factor model with 53 items (61.62% of total variance): preceptor characteristics, goal-oriented orientation, guidance in reflective discussion, knowledge of work unit orientation practices, creation of a supportive learning atmosphere, preceptor motivation and giving of developmental feedback. Cronbach's alpha values varied from 0.79 to 0.93. Conclusion: Preceptors’ Orientation Competence Instrument demonstrated adequate psychometric properties based on content and construct validity as well as internal consistency. Therefore, it is useful for self-evaluation of orientation competence of nurses working as new employee preceptors.