TY - JOUR
T1 - Fetal HLA-G mediated immune tolerance and interferon response in preeclampsia
AU - Wedenoja, Satu
AU - Yoshihara, Masahito
AU - Teder, Hindrek
AU - Sariola, Hannu
AU - Gissler, Mika
AU - Katayama, Shintaro
AU - Wedenoja, Juho
AU - Häkkinen, Inka M.
AU - Ezer, Sini
AU - Linder, Nina
AU - Lundin, Johan
AU - Skoog, Tiina
AU - Sahlin, Ellika
AU - Iwarsson, Erik
AU - Pettersson, Karin
AU - Kajantie, Eero
AU - Mokkonen, Mikael
AU - Heinonen, Seppo
AU - Laivuori, Hannele
AU - Krjutškov, Kaarel
AU - Kere, Juha
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Katayama reports grants from Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, grants from Swedish Research Council, during the conduct of the study. Dr. Laivuori reports grants from Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, grants from Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, during the conduct of the study; grants from The Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Tampere University Hospital, grants from Tampere University Hospital Foundation, outside the submitted work. Drs. Krjutškov and Kere have a patent on the TAC-seq method pending. Other authors have nothing to disclose.
Funding Information:
SW received funding from the Finnish Medical Foundation, and Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation. MY was supported by the Karolinska Institutet Research Foundation, Scandinavia-Japan Sasakawa Foundation, Japan Eye Bank Association, Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Overseas Research Fellowships. Work in the JK laboratory is supported by Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2015.0096), Swedish Research Council, Medical Society Liv och Hälsa (Life and Health), and Sigrid Jusélius Foundation. JK is a recipient of the Wolfson Research Merit Award by the Royal Society. The FINNPEC study has received funding from the Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Helsinki University Hospital (TYH2018305), Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Academy of Finland (grants 121196, 134957 and 278941), Research Funds of the University of Helsinki, Finnish Medical Foundation, Finska Läkaresällskapet, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Finnish Foundation for Pediatric Research, Emil Aaltonen Foundation, and Sigrid Jusélius Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, or writing of the report.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Background: Fetal immune tolerance is crucial for pregnancy success. We studied the link between preeclampsia, a severe pregnancy disorder with uncertain pathogenesis, and fetal human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) and other genes regulating maternal immune responses. Methods: We assessed sex ratios and regulatory HLA-G haplotypes in population cohorts and series of preeclampsia and stillbirth. We studied placental mRNA expression of 136 genes by sequencing and HLA-G and interferon alpha (IFNα) protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Findings: We found underrepresentation of males in preeclamptic births, especially those delivered preterm or small for gestational age. Balancing selection at HLA-G associated with the sex ratio, stillbirth, and preeclampsia. We observed downregulation of HLA-G, its receptors, and many other tolerogenic genes, and marked upregulation of IFNA1 in preeclamptic placentas. Interpretation: These findings indicate that an evolutionary trade-off between immune tolerance and protection against infections at the maternal-fetal interface promotes genetic diversity in fetal HLA-G, thereby affecting survival, preeclampsia, and sex ratio. We highlight IFNA1 as a potential mediator of preeclampsia and a target for therapeutic trials. Funding: Finnish Medical Foundation, Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Karolinska Institutet Research Foundation, Scandinavia-Japan Sasakawa Foundation, Japan Eye Bank Association, Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Medical Society Liv och Hälsa, Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Academy of Finland, Finska Läkaresällskapet, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Finnish Foundation for Pediatric Research, and Emil Aaltonen Foundation.
AB - Background: Fetal immune tolerance is crucial for pregnancy success. We studied the link between preeclampsia, a severe pregnancy disorder with uncertain pathogenesis, and fetal human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) and other genes regulating maternal immune responses. Methods: We assessed sex ratios and regulatory HLA-G haplotypes in population cohorts and series of preeclampsia and stillbirth. We studied placental mRNA expression of 136 genes by sequencing and HLA-G and interferon alpha (IFNα) protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Findings: We found underrepresentation of males in preeclamptic births, especially those delivered preterm or small for gestational age. Balancing selection at HLA-G associated with the sex ratio, stillbirth, and preeclampsia. We observed downregulation of HLA-G, its receptors, and many other tolerogenic genes, and marked upregulation of IFNA1 in preeclamptic placentas. Interpretation: These findings indicate that an evolutionary trade-off between immune tolerance and protection against infections at the maternal-fetal interface promotes genetic diversity in fetal HLA-G, thereby affecting survival, preeclampsia, and sex ratio. We highlight IFNA1 as a potential mediator of preeclampsia and a target for therapeutic trials. Funding: Finnish Medical Foundation, Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Karolinska Institutet Research Foundation, Scandinavia-Japan Sasakawa Foundation, Japan Eye Bank Association, Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Medical Society Liv och Hälsa, Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Academy of Finland, Finska Läkaresällskapet, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Finnish Foundation for Pediatric Research, and Emil Aaltonen Foundation.
KW - Balancing selection
KW - HLA-G
KW - Interferon alpha
KW - Preeclampsia
KW - Sex ratio
KW - Stillbirth
U2 - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102872
DO - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102872
M3 - Article
C2 - 32680723
AN - SCOPUS:85089288973
VL - 59
M1 - 102872
ER -