Managing Contested Water: The Case of Fracking in South Africa

The South African government anticipates significant economic benefits
from proposed shale gas fracking, including job creation, cheaper electricity,
and reduced reliance on coal. However, the high water needs of fracking, its
potential impact on freshwater resources, and other associated social and
environmental risks for over one million indigenous people of the Karoo, the
Drakensberg regions, and other areas are sparking debate on whether
fracking should be permitted. Through literature and scoping review
approaches, this article discusses the participatory approach in water
management and its underpinning theories as remedial for contestations
about water. The paper also highlights success factors for effective citizen
participation. It emphasizes that citizens should be involved in deliberations
on policy-making and implementation, and their interests should be
championed throughout the process. It recommends that the government act
as an honest broker, facilitating a robust debate and creating opportunities
for stakeholder consultation.