TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk Factor Profile in Youth, Genetic Risk, and Adulthood Cognitive Function
T2 - The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
AU - Wu, Feitong
AU - Ahola-Olli, Ari
AU - Pahkala, Katja
AU - Hakala, Juuso O.
AU - Juonala, Markus
AU - Salo, Pia
AU - Lehtimäki, Terho
AU - Hutri-Kähönen, Nina
AU - Kähönen, Mika
AU - Laitinen, Tomi
AU - Tossavainen, Päivi
AU - Taittonen, Leena
AU - Jokinen, Eero
AU - Viikari, Jorma S.A.
AU - Magnussen, Costan G.
AU - Raitakari, Olli T.
AU - Rovio, Suvi P.
N1 - Funding Information:
The Young Finns Study has been financially supported by the Academy of Finland: Grants 322098, 286284, 134309 (Eye), 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378 (Salve), 117787 (Gendi), and 41071 (Skidi); the Social Insurance Institution of Finland; Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospitals (Grant X51001); Juho Vainio Foundation; Paavo Nurmi Foundation; Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research; Finnish Cultural Foundation; The Sigrid Juselius Foundation; Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation; Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation; Diabetes Research Foundation of Finnish Diabetes Association; EU Horizon 2020 (Grant 755320 for TAXINOMISIS and grant 848146 ToAition); European Research Council (Grant 742927 for MULTIEPIGEN project); and Tampere University Hospital Supporting Foundation. F.W. is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship (APP1158661). K.P. is supported by the Academy of Finland research fellowship (322112). We thank Johanna Ikonen (Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Turku, Turku, Finland) for compiling data for the analyses and for statistical advice. We thank all the participants involved in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
Funding Information:
The Young Finns Study has been financially supported by the Academy of Finland: Grants 322098, 286284, 134309 (Eye), 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378 (Salve), 117787 (Gendi), and 41071 (Skidi); the Social Insurance Institution of Finland; Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospitals (Grant X51001); Juho Vainio Foundation; Paavo Nurmi Foundation; Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research; Finnish Cultural Foundation; The Sigrid Juselius Foundation; Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation; Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation; Diabetes Research Foundation of Finnish Diabetes Association; EU Horizon 2020 (Grant 755320 for TAXINOMISIS and grant 848146 ToAition); European Research Council (Grant 742927 for MULTIEPIGEN project); and Tampere University Hospital Supporting Foundation. F.W. is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship (APP1158661). K.P. is supported by the Academy of Finland research fellowship (322112).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 S. Karger AG, Basel.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Introduction: The role of risk factor profile in childhood and adolescence on adulthood cognitive function and whether it differs by genetic risk is still obscure. To bring this evidence, we determined cognitive domain-specific youth risk factor profiles leveraging the childhood/adolescence data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study and examined whether genetic propensity for poor cognitive function modifies the association between the risk profiles and adulthood cognitive function. Methods: From 1980, a population-based cohort of 3,596 children (age 3-18 years) has been repeatedly followed up for 31 years. Computerized cognitive test measuring (1) memory and learning, (2) short-term working memory, (3) reaction time, and (4) information processing was performed for 2,026 participants (age 34-49 years). Cognitive domain-specific youth risk profile scores, including physical and environmental factors, were assessed from the data collected at baseline and categorized into favourable, intermediate, and unfavourable. A polygenic risk score for a poor cognitive function was categorized into low, intermediate, and high risk. Results: At all genetic risk levels, a favourable youth risk factor profile is associated with better learning and memory, short-term working memory, and information processing compared to unfavourable risk profile (e.g., β = 0.501 SD, 95% CI: 0.043-0.959 for memory and learning among participants with high genetic risk). However, no significant interactions were observed between the youth risk factor profile score and genetic propensity for any cognitive domain (p > 0.299 for all). Conclusion: A favourable youth risk factor profile may be beneficial for cognitive function in adulthood, irrespective of genetic propensity for poor cognitive function.
AB - Introduction: The role of risk factor profile in childhood and adolescence on adulthood cognitive function and whether it differs by genetic risk is still obscure. To bring this evidence, we determined cognitive domain-specific youth risk factor profiles leveraging the childhood/adolescence data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study and examined whether genetic propensity for poor cognitive function modifies the association between the risk profiles and adulthood cognitive function. Methods: From 1980, a population-based cohort of 3,596 children (age 3-18 years) has been repeatedly followed up for 31 years. Computerized cognitive test measuring (1) memory and learning, (2) short-term working memory, (3) reaction time, and (4) information processing was performed for 2,026 participants (age 34-49 years). Cognitive domain-specific youth risk profile scores, including physical and environmental factors, were assessed from the data collected at baseline and categorized into favourable, intermediate, and unfavourable. A polygenic risk score for a poor cognitive function was categorized into low, intermediate, and high risk. Results: At all genetic risk levels, a favourable youth risk factor profile is associated with better learning and memory, short-term working memory, and information processing compared to unfavourable risk profile (e.g., β = 0.501 SD, 95% CI: 0.043-0.959 for memory and learning among participants with high genetic risk). However, no significant interactions were observed between the youth risk factor profile score and genetic propensity for any cognitive domain (p > 0.299 for all). Conclusion: A favourable youth risk factor profile may be beneficial for cognitive function in adulthood, irrespective of genetic propensity for poor cognitive function.
KW - CANTAB
KW - Childhood factors
KW - Cognitive function
KW - Cohort
KW - Polygenic risk score
U2 - 10.1159/000524986
DO - 10.1159/000524986
M3 - Article
C2 - 35552281
AN - SCOPUS:85135597942
SN - 0251-5350
VL - 56
SP - 201
EP - 211
JO - NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
JF - NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
IS - 3
ER -
