Security solutions for smart grid feeder automation data communication

Feeder automation creates automatic, fast and real-time power restoration during fault conditions in the distribution network. The most recent feeder automation solutions immensely decrease outage times through the use of smart field-devices interacting via communication network to perform feeder automation functions. The latest feeder automation methods use the utility Internet network for exchanging control information. This presents cybersecurity challenges and security measures must be employed to protect feeder automation data communication over the Internet. This paper discusses state-of-the-art feeder automation approaches and proposes security solutions for data exchange in each approach. Additionally, the lab setup is created to experience a modern feeder automation approach in which position of an overhead line disconnector is remotely controlled by transmitting IEC 60870-5-104 messages over the 3G Internet network. IPsec VPN in tunnel mode with Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) is proposed for securing the lab setup. IPsec VPN implementation plus firewalls prevent unauthorized access and alteration of feeder automation data in the Internet. Consequently, distribution network reliability is enhanced.