Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters

Amulya Raj; Caroline Duc; Hui Shen; Timo Punkari; Matti Mäntysalo; Cedric Samuel

doi:10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632

Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters

Amulya Raj
, Caroline Duc
, Hui Shen
, Timo Punkari
, Matti Mäntysalo
, Cedric Samuel

Tutkimustuotos: Konferenssiartikkeli › Tieteellinen › vertaisarvioitu

3 Lataukset (Pure)

Abstrakti

Piezoelectric transducers play a crucial role in energy harvesting and sensing applications within the automotive industry. Vibrational Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters (VPEH) effectively harness dynamic mechanical inputs such as high-frequency vibrations in vehicles. Traditional transducers rely on lead-based ceramics, such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which pose environmental and health risks. This study explores biosourced and recyclable alternatives, focusing on polylactic acid (PLA) due to its biobased nature, ease of processing, and comparable piezoelectric properties. A novel VPEH prototype, constructed primarily from PLA, was developed with enhanced piezoelectric properties (13 pC/N), direct ink-printed silver electrodes on PLA substrate, and 3D-printed PLA cantilever beams optimized for vibrational energy harvesting at ∼ 30 Hz resonance frequency. The VPEH prototype demonstrated thermal stability, cost-effective manufacturability, and shows a potential to generate power (higher than 10 μW) for automotive sensor applications.

Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Otsikko	FLEPS 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems, Proceedings
Kustantaja	IEEE
Sivumäärä	4
ISBN (elektroninen)	979-8-3315-0999-6
DOI - pysyväislinkit	https://doi.org/10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632
Tila	Julkaistu - 2025
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
Tapahtuma	IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems - Singapore, Singapore Kesto: 22 kesäk. 2025 → 25 kesäk. 2025

Julkaisusarja

Nimi	IEEE international conference on flexible and printable sensors and systems
ISSN (elektroninen)	2832-8256

Conference

Conference	IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems
Maa/Alue	Singapore
Kaupunki	Singapore
Ajanjakso	22/06/25 → 25/06/25

Julkaisufoorumi-taso

Jufo-taso 1

!!ASJC Scopus subject areas

Instrumentation
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

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Tämä tuotos edistää seuraavia kestävän kehityksen tavoitteita:

Pääsy asiakirjaan

10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632

Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters
This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.
Accepted author manuscript, 631 KBLisenssi: Unspecified

https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202509169273Lisenssi: Unspecified

Laboratory for Future Electronics – LFE
Mäntysalo, M. (Yhteyshenkilö), Majumdar, S. (Yhteyshenkilö), Berger, P. (Yhteyshenkilö), Lupo, D. (Yhteyshenkilö) & Keskinen, J. (Yhteyshenkilö)
Sähkötekniikka
Laitteistot/tilat: Facility

Siteeraa tätä

Raj, A., Duc, C., Shen, H., Punkari, T., Mäntysalo, M., & Samuel, C. (2025). Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters. teoksessa FLEPS 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems, Proceedings (IEEE international conference on flexible and printable sensors and systems). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632

@inproceedings{aafaa8e6328d4fd2882dcd85465cd30d,

title = "Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters",

abstract = "Piezoelectric transducers play a crucial role in energy harvesting and sensing applications within the automotive industry. Vibrational Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters (VPEH) effectively harness dynamic mechanical inputs such as high-frequency vibrations in vehicles. Traditional transducers rely on lead-based ceramics, such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which pose environmental and health risks. This study explores biosourced and recyclable alternatives, focusing on polylactic acid (PLA) due to its biobased nature, ease of processing, and comparable piezoelectric properties. A novel VPEH prototype, constructed primarily from PLA, was developed with enhanced piezoelectric properties (13 pC/N), direct ink-printed silver electrodes on PLA substrate, and 3D-printed PLA cantilever beams optimized for vibrational energy harvesting at ∼ 30 Hz resonance frequency. The VPEH prototype demonstrated thermal stability, cost-effective manufacturability, and shows a potential to generate power (higher than 10 μW) for automotive sensor applications.",

keywords = "automotive sensors, biopolymer materials, direct ink writing, Piezoelectric energy harvesting, PLA",

author = "Amulya Raj and Caroline Duc and Hui Shen and Timo Punkari and Matti M{\"a}ntysalo and Cedric Samuel",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems ; Conference date: 22-06-2025 Through 25-06-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632",

language = "English",

series = "IEEE international conference on flexible and printable sensors and systems",

publisher = "IEEE",

booktitle = "FLEPS 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems, Proceedings",

address = "United States",

}

Raj, A, Duc, C, Shen, H, Punkari, T , Mäntysalo, M & Samuel, C 2025, Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters. julkaisussa FLEPS 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems, Proceedings. IEEE international conference on flexible and printable sensors and systems, IEEE, IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems, Singapore, Singapore, 22/06/25. https://doi.org/10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632

Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters. / Raj, Amulya; Duc, Caroline; Shen, Hui et al.
FLEPS 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems, Proceedings. IEEE, 2025. (IEEE international conference on flexible and printable sensors and systems).

Tutkimustuotos: Konferenssiartikkeli › Tieteellinen › vertaisarvioitu

TY - GEN

T1 - Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters

AU - Raj, Amulya

AU - Duc, Caroline

AU - Shen, Hui

AU - Punkari, Timo

AU - Mäntysalo, Matti

AU - Samuel, Cedric

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Piezoelectric transducers play a crucial role in energy harvesting and sensing applications within the automotive industry. Vibrational Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters (VPEH) effectively harness dynamic mechanical inputs such as high-frequency vibrations in vehicles. Traditional transducers rely on lead-based ceramics, such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which pose environmental and health risks. This study explores biosourced and recyclable alternatives, focusing on polylactic acid (PLA) due to its biobased nature, ease of processing, and comparable piezoelectric properties. A novel VPEH prototype, constructed primarily from PLA, was developed with enhanced piezoelectric properties (13 pC/N), direct ink-printed silver electrodes on PLA substrate, and 3D-printed PLA cantilever beams optimized for vibrational energy harvesting at ∼ 30 Hz resonance frequency. The VPEH prototype demonstrated thermal stability, cost-effective manufacturability, and shows a potential to generate power (higher than 10 μW) for automotive sensor applications.

AB - Piezoelectric transducers play a crucial role in energy harvesting and sensing applications within the automotive industry. Vibrational Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters (VPEH) effectively harness dynamic mechanical inputs such as high-frequency vibrations in vehicles. Traditional transducers rely on lead-based ceramics, such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which pose environmental and health risks. This study explores biosourced and recyclable alternatives, focusing on polylactic acid (PLA) due to its biobased nature, ease of processing, and comparable piezoelectric properties. A novel VPEH prototype, constructed primarily from PLA, was developed with enhanced piezoelectric properties (13 pC/N), direct ink-printed silver electrodes on PLA substrate, and 3D-printed PLA cantilever beams optimized for vibrational energy harvesting at ∼ 30 Hz resonance frequency. The VPEH prototype demonstrated thermal stability, cost-effective manufacturability, and shows a potential to generate power (higher than 10 μW) for automotive sensor applications.

KW - automotive sensors

KW - biopolymer materials

KW - direct ink writing

KW - Piezoelectric energy harvesting

KW - PLA

U2 - 10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632

DO - 10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105013753382

T3 - IEEE international conference on flexible and printable sensors and systems

BT - FLEPS 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems, Proceedings

PB - IEEE

T2 - IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems

Y2 - 22 June 2025 through 25 June 2025

ER -

Raj A, Duc C, Shen H, Punkari T , Mäntysalo M, Samuel C. Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters. julkaisussa FLEPS 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems, Proceedings. IEEE. 2025. (IEEE international conference on flexible and printable sensors and systems). doi: 10.1109/FLEPS65444.2025.11105632

Sustainable PLA Innovations for Recyclable Piezoelectric Transducers and Harvesters

Abstrakti

Julkaisusarja

Conference

Julkaisufoorumi-taso

!!ASJC Scopus subject areas

YK:n kestävän kehityksen tavoitteet

Pääsy asiakirjaan

Sormenjälki

Laitteet

Laboratory for Future Electronics – LFE

Siteeraa tätä