TY - CHAP
T1 - Targeting Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders
AU - Aspatwar, Ashok
AU - Peltola, Jukka
AU - Parkkila, Seppo
N1 - jufoid=65557
Funding Information:
Acknowledgements Our original research has been supported by grants from the Academy of Finland, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Jane & Aatos Erkko Foundation, and Finnish Cultural Foundation.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are widely expressed in the nervous system where they play important physiological roles. In the brain and other parts of the system, different isozymes show unique distribution patterns, some of them being present in neurons (CA II, V, VII, XIV), capillary endothelium (CA IV), microglia (CA III), choroid plexus (CA II, III, XII, XIV), astrocytes (CA II and V), oligodendrocytes (CA II and XIII), and myelin sheath (CA II). Nervous tissues also express three carbonic anhydrase-related proteins (CARP VIII, X, XI), which may be involved in the brain development processes. Future research is needed to define the exact roles of these highly conserved CA isoforms and to design novel treatment strategies for the diseases caused by defects or abnormal regulation of CARPs. Enzymatically active CA isozymes are known drug targets to treat various neurological disorders including epilepsy, acute mountain sickness, pseudotumor cerebri, and brain edema. In this review article, we describe how the clinically approved CA inhibitors are used for the treatment of these diseases.
AB - Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are widely expressed in the nervous system where they play important physiological roles. In the brain and other parts of the system, different isozymes show unique distribution patterns, some of them being present in neurons (CA II, V, VII, XIV), capillary endothelium (CA IV), microglia (CA III), choroid plexus (CA II, III, XII, XIV), astrocytes (CA II and V), oligodendrocytes (CA II and XIII), and myelin sheath (CA II). Nervous tissues also express three carbonic anhydrase-related proteins (CARP VIII, X, XI), which may be involved in the brain development processes. Future research is needed to define the exact roles of these highly conserved CA isoforms and to design novel treatment strategies for the diseases caused by defects or abnormal regulation of CARPs. Enzymatically active CA isozymes are known drug targets to treat various neurological disorders including epilepsy, acute mountain sickness, pseudotumor cerebri, and brain edema. In this review article, we describe how the clinically approved CA inhibitors are used for the treatment of these diseases.
KW - Brain
KW - Carbonic anhydrase
KW - Drug
KW - Expression
KW - Inhibitor
KW - Neurology
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-030-79511-5_5
DO - 10.1007/978-3-030-79511-5_5
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85118441666
SN - 978-3-030-79513-9
T3 - Progress in Drug Research
SP - 103
EP - 120
BT - The Carbonic Anhydrases: Current and Emerging Therapeutic Targets
A2 - Chegwidden, W. Richard
A2 - Carter, Nicholas D.
PB - Springer
CY - Cham
ER -