VECSELs in the Wavelength Range 1.18–1.55 μm

Summary This chapter provides an overview of vertical external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs) with fundamental emission in the wavelength range of 1.18?1.55??m. The main challenges related to the properties of the semiconductor materials used to address this wavelength range are discussed. In particular, we present the advantages and disadvantages of InP- and GaAs-based materials and review the developments reported based on various gain-mirror implementations with these material systems. The focus is then shifted to overcoming their limitations. To this end, the emphasis is on semiconductor-dielectric-metal mirrors, wafer bonding, and mirror-free VECSEL structures.