@inproceedings{6cf01b025bc949908b21d613d97acb7b,
title = "Wave Scatterer Localization in Outdoor-to-Indoor Channels at 4 and 14 GHz",
abstract = "In this paper, we present the results of wave scatterer localization at 4.65 and 14.25 GHz in an outdoor-to-indoor scenario at a traditional office building in Finland. The localization is based on a single-bounce model of interaction with a scatterer to localize the sources of measured multipath components. The estimated scatterer locations were mapped to an aerial photograph of the site and classified according to their location. We found that approximately two thirds of paths originate from higher order interactions with the environment. In contrast, one third of paths can be attributed to single-bounce interactions, with interior walls of the building being twice as strong sources of single-bounces as walls outside both in terms of power and number of paths. ",
keywords = "localization, outdoor-to-indoor (O2I), Radio propagation, scattering",
author = "Pasi Koivum{\"a}ki and Aki Karttunen and Katsuyuki Haneda",
note = "Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The research leading to these results received funding from the LuxTurrim5G project funded by the participating companies and Business Finland. The authors would like to thank the Nokia Bell-Labs for providing us with the opportunity to perform O2I channel sounding in the Nokia campus in Karaportti, Espoo, Finland, and Sinh Nguyen, Usman Virk, Vasilii Semkin, Jyri Putkonen, and Pekka Wainio for help during the measurements. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 European Association for Antennas and Propagation. JUFOID=71907; European Conference on Antennas and Propagation ; Conference date: 27-03-2022 Through 01-04-2022",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.23919/EuCAP53622.2022.9769384",
language = "English",
isbn = "9781665416047",
series = "Proceedings of the European Conference on Antennas and Propagation",
publisher = "IEEE",
booktitle = "2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2022",
}